The Roman Army, Year 5

Introduction

Roman soldiers were unmarried, professional soldiers whose only job was to fight and defend Rome. They had to stay in the army for at least 25 years.

Roman soldiers had to be tough. They were expected to march 20 miles a day wearing armour. They also had to carry their own shield, food and camping equipment.

Weapons of a legionary soldier

A Roman soldier's weapons were a short stabbing sword and a throwing spear.

He wore armour made from overlapping iron bands and a metal helmet on his head. He also carried a large rectangular shield which curved around his body.

Auxiliary soldiers

These were non-Roman citizens. They were recruited from tribes that had been conquered by Rome or were friendly to Rome. They also served for 25 years.

At the end of their service they gained Roman citizenship as a reward.

Centurion

If a soldier was brave, clever and fought well he could become a centurion in charge of a century of 80 men.

Centurions carried a special vine stick to show their rank. They used the stick to beat any soldier who disobeyed an order.